How To Install and Secure phpMyAdmin on Ubuntu 12.04

Status: Deprecated #

This article covers a version of Ubuntu that is no longer supported. If you are currently operate a server running Ubuntu 12.04, we highly recommend upgrading or migrating to a supported version of Ubuntu:

Upgrade to Ubuntu 14.04.
Upgrade from Ubuntu 14.04 to Ubuntu 16.04
Migrate the server data to a supported version

Reason:
Ubuntu 12.04 reached end of life (EOL) on April 28, 2017 and no longer receives security patches or updates. This guide is no longer maintained.
See Instead:
This guide might still be useful as a reference, but may not work on other Ubuntu releases. If available, we strongly recommend using a guide written for the version of Ubuntu you are using. You can use the search functionality at the top of the page to find a more recent version.

About phpMyAdmin #

phpMyAdmin is an free web software to work with MySQL on the web—it provides a convenient visual front end to the MySQL capabilities.

Setup #

The steps in this tutorial require the user to have root privileges on your virtual private server. You can see how to set that up here in steps 3 and 4.
Before working with phpMyAdmin you need to have LAMP installed on your server. If you don’t have the Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP stack on your server, you can find the tutorial for setting it up here.
Once you have the user and required software, you can start installing phpMyAdmin on your VPS!

Install phpMyAdmin #

The easiest way to install phpmyadmin is through apt-get:

sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin apache2-utils

During the installation, phpMyAdmin will walk you through a basic configuration. Once the process starts up, follow these steps:
Select Apache2 for the server
Choose YES when asked about whether to Configure the database for phpmyadmin with dbconfig-common
Enter your MySQL password when prompted
Enter the password that you want to use to log into phpmyadmin
After the installation has completed, add phpmyadmin to the apache configuration.

sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Add the phpmyadmin config to the file.

Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf

Restart apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

You can then access phpmyadmin by going to youripaddress/phpmyadmin. The screen should look like this

Security #

Unfortunately older versions of phpMyAdmin have had serious security vulnerabilities including allowing remote users to eventually exploit root on the underlying virtual private server. One can prevent a majority of these attacks through a simple process: locking down the entire directory with Apache’s native user/password restrictions which will prevent these remote users from even attempting to exploit older versions of phpMyAdmin.

Set Up the .htaccess File #

To set this up start off by allowing the .htaccess file to work within the phpmyadmin directory. You can accomplish this in the phpmyadmin configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf 

Under the directory section, add the line “AllowOverride All” under “Directory Index”, making the section look like this:

<Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin>
        Options FollowSymLinks
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        AllowOverride All
        [...]

Configure the .htaccess file #

With the .htaccess file allowed, we can proceed to set up a native user whose login would be required to even access the phpmyadmin login page.
Start by creating the .htaccess page in the phpmyadmin directory:

sudo nano /usr/share/phpmyadmin/.htaccess

Follow up by setting up the user authorization within .htaccess file. Copy and paste the following text in:

AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted Files"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.phpmyadmin.htpasswd
Require valid-user

Below you’ll see a quick explanation of each line
AuthType: This refers to the type of authentication that will be used to the check the passwords. The passwords are checked via HTTP and the keyword Basic should not be changed.
AuthName: This is text that will be displayed at the password prompt. You can put anything here.
AuthUserFile: This line designates the server path to the password file (which we will create in the next step.)
Require valid-user: This line tells the .htaccess file that only users defined in the password file can access the phpMyAdmin login screen.

Create the htpasswd file #

Now we will go ahead and create the valid user information.
Start by creating a htpasswd file. Use the htpasswd command, and place the file in a directory of your choice as long as it is not accessible from a browser. Although you can name the password file whatever you prefer, the convention is to name it .htpasswd.

sudo htpasswd -c /etc/apache2/.phpmyadmin.htpasswd username

A prompt will ask you to provide and confirm your password.
Once the username and passwords pair are saved you can see that the password is encrypted in the file.
FInish up by restarting apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

Accessing phpMyAdmin #

phpMyAdmin will now be much more secure since only authorized users will be able to reach the login page. Accessing youripaddress/phpmyadmin should display a screen like this.
Fill it in with the username and password that you generated. After you login you can access phpmyadmin with the MySQL username and password.
By Etel Sverdlov