Linux Basics

Introduction> Introduction # Accurate timekeeping has become a critical component of modern software deployments. Whether it’s making sure logs are recorded in the right order or database updates are applied correctly, out-of-sync time can cause errors, data corruption, and other hard to debug issues.

Status: Deprecated> Status: Deprecated # This article covers a version of Ubuntu that is no longer supported. If you are currently operate a server running Ubuntu 12.04, we highly recommend upgrading or migrating to a supported version of Ubuntu:

Introduction> Introduction # One of the most basic tasks that you should know how to do on a fresh Linux server is add and remove users. When you create a new system, you are often (such as on DigitalOcean Droplets) only given the root account by default.

Status: Deprecated> Status: Deprecated # This article covers a version of Ubuntu that is no longer supported. If you are currently operate a server running Ubuntu 12.04, we highly recommend upgrading or migrating to a supported version of Ubuntu:

Introduction> Introduction # When you spin up a new server, a default account is created called root. This user has full system access and should be used only for administrative tasks.

Introduction> Introduction # While working in a server environment, you’ll spend a lot of your time on the command line. Most likely, you’ll be using the bash shell, which is the default of most distributions.

Introduction> Introduction # Screen is a console application that allows you to use multiple terminal sessions within one window. The program operates within a shell session and acts as a container and manager for other terminal sessions, similar to how a window manager manages windows.

Introduction> Introduction # When you first create a new Debian 8 server, there are a few configuration steps that you should take early on as part of the basic setup. This will increase the security and usability of your server and will give you a solid foundation for subsequent actions.

Introduction> Introduction # Apt is a command line frontend for the dpkg packaging system and is the preferred way of managing software from the command line for many distributions. It is the main package management system in Debian and Debian-based Linux distributions like Ubuntu.

Introduction> Introduction # Preparing a new disk for use on a Linux system is a straightforward process. There are many tools, filesystem formats, and partitioning schemes that may change the process if you have specialized needs, but the fundamentals remain the same.

Introduction> Introduction # SSH, or Secure Shell, is the most common way of connecting to Linux servers for remote administration. Although connecting to a single server via the command line is relatively straightforward, there are many workflow optimizations for connecting to multiple remote systems.

Step 1 – Setup public SSH keys> Step 1 – Setup public SSH keys # On our origin server, we will generate public SSH keys with no password: ssh-keygen -f ~/.

Introduction> Introduction # An understanding of networking is important for anyone managing a server. Not only is it essential for getting your services online and running smoothly, it also gives you the insight to diagnose problems.

Introduction> Introduction # DNS, or the Domain Name System, is often a very difficult part of learning how to configure websites and servers. Understanding how DNS works will help you diagnose problems with configuring access to your websites and will allow you to broaden your understanding of what’s going on behind the scenes.

Introduction> Introduction # Accurate timekeeping has become a critical component of modern software deployments. Whether it’s making sure logs are recorded in the right order or database updates are applied correctly, out-of-sync time can cause errors, data corruption, and other hard to debug issues.

Introduction> Introduction # Linux system administrators often need to look at log files for troubleshooting purposes. This is one of the first things a sysadmin would do. Linux and the applications that run on it can generate all different types of messages, which are recorded in various log files.

Introduction Passwords and authentication are concepts that every user must deal with when working in a Linux environment. These topics span a number of different configuration files and tools. In this guide, we will explore some basic files, like “/etc/passwd” and “/etc/shadow”, as well as tools for configuring authentication, like the aptly-named “passwd” command and “adduser”.

The author selected the Free and Open Source Fund to receive a donation as part of the Write for DOnations program. Introduction> Introduction # In this tutorial you will use systemd to configure MySQL to restart automatically after a reboot or crash.

Status: Deprecated> Status: Deprecated # This article covers a version of Ubuntu that is no longer supported. If you are currently operate a server running Ubuntu 12.04, we highly recommend upgrading or migrating to a supported version of Ubuntu:

Introduction> Introduction # One of the most basic tasks to that you should know how to do on a fresh Linux server is add and remove users. When you create a new server, you are only given the root account by default.